Independent editorial reference

Agent payment protocols, compared.

A maintained, machine-readable reference documenting AI-agent payment protocols and their real-world deployments — a living comparison matrix, per-protocol reference pages, a deployments registry, and a dated changelog. It is a reference, not a product.

Comparison, at a glance

See full comparison
ProtocolLayerD2CB2BStatus
x402executionmoderatestronglive
A2Acommunicationlive
AP2authorizationstrongmoderatelive
MPPexecutionmoderatestrongbeta
ERC-4337custodylive

How these layers fit together

"Agent payments" spans several distinct layers that are easy to conflate. Separating them is the fastest way to read the matrix correctly — a communication layer neither settles value nor is "reversible."

Payment execution

Moves and settles value — the layer that actually pays. Example: x402 settling USDC on-chain.

Agent communication

Lets agents discover each other and coordinate tasks. Carries no money itself. Example: A2A.

Payment authorization

Captures consent and constraints so an agent can pay on a user's behalf. Example: AP2 mandates.

Wallet & custody

Account-abstraction and key-management primitives that hold funds and sign. Example: ERC-4337.

Latest changes

Full changelog
  • 2026-W39 market review — 2 new draft protocols, 2 new deployments
  • 2026-W38 market review — 1 new protocol, 2 new deployments, 1 draft update
  • 2026-W37 market review — 1 new protocol, 1 upgrade, 1 new deployment, 1 draft